Spatial clustering-based method for Italian marginal areas toward the sustainable regeneration

In Italy, there is a clear disparity between cities and villages located in marginal areas. The progressive depopulation of inland areas and the urban polarization represent consolidated dynamics difficult to adapt to the new paradigm of sustainable development. The post-Covid-19 pandemic scenario offers the opportunity to redefine new parameters of intervention and new visions for the regeneration of villages in accord with the new challenges of decentralization and distancing. The project «Renaissance of villages for the revitalization of marginal areas» (2021) aims to create the conditions to repopulate and rebalance shrinking territories by establishing new centres of attractiveness. This project envisages the active involvement of municipalities to implement multi-sectoral analysis and spatial assessment approaches in planning processes. It intends to develop an interactive web dashboard for local authorities and spatial planners to create both a learning environment and a participative spatial decision support system for future local policy actions toward sustainable local development. This study presents the project's preliminary phase which aims to create the general framework of the web dashboard. A reconstruction of the village definition and the spatial selection of villages throughout Italy are presented as innovative aspects since the absence of an agreed definition of the village in the national and international level documents. Moreover, this study provides a quantitative spatial multivariate analysis cluster that analyzes, and groups Italian territories based on socioeconomic dynamics. The result of this analysis allows us to divide the territory into archetypes and to structure a framework that supports the definition of future scenarios for the regeneration of small urban areas considering the diversified needs and potential of the villages belonging to specific archetypes analyzed in the study.In Italia esiste una netta disparità tra città e borghi situati in aree marginali. Il progressivo spopolamento delle aree interne e la polarizzazione urbana rappresentano dinamiche consolidate poco affini ai paradigmi dello sviluppo sostenibile. Lo scenario post pandemico offre oggi l'opportunità di ridefinire nuovi parametri di inter- vento e nuove visioni per la rigenerazione dei borghi in accordo con le sfide imposte dal decentramento e dal distanziamento fisico. Il progetto «Rinascimento dei borghi per la rivitalizzazione delle aree marginali» (2021) mira a creare le condizioni per ripopolare e rigenerare i territori in contrazione. L'efficacia del progetto si fonda sul coinvolgimento attivo dei comuni nei processi di pianificazione e sull'integrazione in essi di analisi multisettoriali sperimentando un approccio basato sulla va- lutazione territoriale. Nell'ambito del progetto s'intende sviluppare un cruscotto web interattivo indirizzato alla pubblica amministrazione e ai pianificatori territoriali, al fine di creare un sistema partecipativo di supporto alle decisioni spaziali propedeutico allo sviluppo di scenari di sviluppo locale sostenibile. Questo studio presenta la fase preliminare del progetto in cui viene predisposta la struttura generale del cruscotto web. La ricerca e la ricostruzione della definizione di borgo, seguita dalla se- lezione spaziale dei borghi in tutta Italia, sono presentati come aspetti innovativi data l'attuale assenza di una definizione a livello nazionale e internazionale. Inoltre, questo studio fornisce un'analisi spaziale quantitativa multivariata che analizza e riunisce in cluster i territori italiani in base alle dinamiche socioeconomiche. Il risultato di questa analisi permette di suddividere il territorio in archetipi e di strutturare un quadro di riferimento che supporti la definizione di scenari futuri per la rigenerazione delle piccole aree urbane, considerando le esigenze e le potenzialità diversificate di ogni singolo borgo.

GIS-Based Analysis of the Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Traditional Villages in Hebei Province, China

Traditional villages are a valuable cultural asset that occupy an important position in Chinese traditional culture. This study focuses on 206 traditional villages in Hebei Province and aims to explore their spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors using ArcGIS spatial analysis. The analysis shows that traditional villages in Hebei Province were distributed in clusters during different historical periods, and eventually formed three core clusters in Shijiazhuang, Zhangjiakou and Xingtai-Handan after different historical periods. Moreover, the overall distribution of traditional villages in Hebei Province is very uneven, with clear regional differences, and most of them are concentrated in the eastern foothills of the Taihang Mountains. To identify the factors influencing traditional villages, natural environmental factors, socio-economic factors, and historical and cultural factors are considered. The study finds that socio-economic and natural environmental factors alternate in the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Hebei Province. The influence of the interaction of these factors increases significantly, and socio-economic factors have a stronger influence on the spatial distribution. Specifically, the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Hebei Province is influenced by natural environmental factors, while socio-economic factors act as drivers of spatial distribution. Historical and cultural factors act as catalysts of spatial distribution, and policy directions are external forces of spatial distribution. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in Hebei Province, which can be used to develop effective strategies for rural revitalisation in China.

The Women's Role in the Resilience of Farmers' Households during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gubugklakah Village, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency

The cause of rural changes, in terms of demographic, technological developments, climate changes, and the Covid-19 pandemic potential to cause vulnerabilities, especially for women as individuals in household members. These must be responded with livelihood resilience by involving the women's role to contribute in the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. This study aims to (1) describe the vulnerabilities of farmers' households and (2) analyze women's role in household resilience through the use of livelihood assets during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was conducted in Gubugklakah village, Malang regency as a tourist village affected by the closure of TNBTS tourist visits due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This research used the simple random sampling technique, with total sample of 64 women farmers. Data were analyzed using WarpPLS software. The results showed that farmers' households experienced several vulnerabilities by that the households' livelihood assets: natural, physic, human, social and financial capital can be optimized to achieve a degree of resilience. The women's role in resilience efforts is as the core of the household, because all financial cycles involve housewives' role, such as reducing consumption expenditures, selling jewelry assets, taking savings, involving in farm worker, and others.

Readiness of Sub-Districts in Palu City, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, to Face the Covid-19 Pandemic

Indonesia confirmed its first case of COVID-19 on 2 March 2020. Several provinces in Indonesia, including Central Sulawesi, experienced local transmission of the virus. This study aimed to explore the readiness and understanding of the sub-district government in handling COVID-19. This study was conducted from April to June 2020 using a cross-sectional design. Interviews were performed by distributing a closed questionnaire to the heads or secretaries of sub-districts in Palu City. The parameters of this study were the COVID-19 alert village indicators issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs. The results show that all sub-districts in Palu City have formed the COVID-19 Alert Task Force, which socialized clean and healthy living as well as sterilized public and social facilities. Forty-five (97.82% ) sub-districts had provided information about the nearest public health centers (Puskesmas) or clinics where residents receive medical treatment when getting sick. Meanwhile, 39 (84.8%) sub-districts had created and activated WhatsApp groups to handle COVID-19. In general, sub-districts in Palu City have been ready to face the COVID-1 9 pandemic, as they have carried out COVID-19 prevention and handling activities following the guidelines.

A Garden of Marvels: Tales of Wonder from Early Medieval China by Robert Ford Campany (review)

The category of zhiguai (accounts of the strange) texts is diverse, encompassing a wide variety of anecdotes, historical records, memoirs, letters, temple inscriptions, and biographies, among others, that recount encounters with sacred, ordinary, and apotropaic objects, shapeshifting animals, ghosts, demons, local gods, and numinous beings such as Daoist transcendents or the Buddha, Buddhist practitioners, deities and supernatural creatures;visits to otherworldly places such as the court of judgment in the afterlife, hidden villages of immortals or enlightened beings à la James Hilton's Shangri-la or the Tibetan mythical kingdom of Shambhala, or even heaven or hell;and unaccountable phenomena such as bizarre dreams, premonitions, and miraculous occurrences, including surviving entombment and the return from death (xxviii). Mordicai Gerstein's children's book Carolinda Clatter (2005), with its description of a giant's sleeping body becoming a mountain with forests, caves, and waterfalls, mirrors the cosmogonic myth of Pangu, whose body parts become the world in item 85 (58 and 59). The eerie feel of the scene in C. S. Lewis's The Magician's Nephew (1955), where Digory Kirke enters the Garden to pluck an apple from the Tree of Knowledge to protect Narnia, is highly reminiscent of item 47 (35), where uninvited intruders eat their fill of otherworldly fruit from a remote orchard but are admonished by an unseen voice in midair to drop the fruit they intended to take with them.

Sustainability of Heritage Villages through Eco-Tourism Investment (Case Study: Al-Khabra Village, Saudi Arabia)

This study explores the reasons for the failure to sustain the rehabilitation of Al-Khabra as a heritage village for tourism. Despite the rehabilitation activities since 2007 and the comprehensive plans for the development, protection, and operation of the village, tourism activities are limited due to the restricted availability of qualified buildings, infrastructure, and services. This has made the investment in the village economically unviable. This study aims to propose sustainability strategies for heritage villages by investing in eco-tourism. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach by analyzing the rehabilitation experience through available reports and studies, field observations, and interviews. A holistic and environmental approach was proposed based on the integration of cultural and environmental elements to promote eco-tourism in the village. This study recommends the development of national policies that regulate the preservation of local resources and biodiversity within an integrated framework that enhances the unique environmental advantages of the village and encourages investment in it.

Disclosure of Silent Branding During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Sarsiwa Village in Chhattisgarh State of India

The study tried to explore the adopted branding strategy in trading essential goods in lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. The lead researcher observed the buying behaviour of 600 rural customers as a participant–observer in grocery shops. Additionally, he interviewed five grocery shopkeepers in that village to cross-check the customers' observations. The study categorised these observations into similar themes using content analysis. The sorting of the study data resulted in six main categories. Out of six categories, two are the most important, which reveal that customers don't want to compromise with their choice of products/brands even in this adverse situation and they ask their preferred products/brands in code word very often to their nearby shopkeepers. Actually, these code words are the impact of silent branding of a product in their mind. The current study reveals that silent branding works long-lasting for customers and could be beneficial for firms. The study imperatively adds the concept of silent branding in the existing literature on branding.

Documents on Democracy

In a country where every ninth person is suffering food shortage, a country where more than one million civilians have fled their homes and villages and have nowhere to live, a country where everyone has lost a family member or a friend to hunger, exposure, war, landmines, arbitrary killings, or the COVID pandemic the military did their utmost to exacerbate, we are all the victims of the military's crimes. There appears to be a parallel trend of an increased number and length of imprisonments occurring through criminal justice processes, suggesting that the focus of deprivation of liberty has shifted towards imprisonment, on purported grounds of counter-terrorism and counter-"extremism." The systems of arbitrary detention and related patterns of abuse in VETC and other detention facilities come against the backdrop of broader discrimination against members of Uyghur and other predominantly Muslim minorities based on perceived security threats emanating from individual members of these groups. The Government holds the primary duty to ensure that all laws and policies are brought into compliance with international human rights law and to promptly investigate any allegations of human rights violations, to ensure accountability for perpetrators and to provide redress to victims.

The role of staple crop production during the Covid-19 outbreak. Evidence for women small producers in Senegal

The Covid-19 outbreak has negatively affected the agri-food system especially in developing countries where most people rely on agriculture. Using primary data, we study the role of staple crop production as a coping strategy during the Covid-19 outbreak. Using a linear probability model, this article assesses the effect of income and food security deterioration perceived as a consequence of Covid-19 on rice investment propensity among 1320 women rice producers in Casamance, Senegal. Our results show that food security deterioration and especially income reduction due to Covid-19 are significantly and positively related to rice investment propensity. The presence of food retailers and the type of household livelihood, farm or nonfarm, dramatically drive the Covid-19 perception effects on rice investment propensity. While women small producers in villages with food retailers slightly increase their propensity to invest in rice, in remote villages lacking food retailers rice production represents an effective coping strategy for those women living in households that depend to a large extent on the market, i.e. those relying on nonfarm income. These results are supported by the strong correlation between limited physical access to the market, due to movement restrictions, and rice investment propensity, especially among households relying on nonfarm income.

Sea swimming and snorkeling in tropical coastal blue spaces and mental well-being: findings from Indonesian island communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. (Special Issue: Covid-19 and outdoor recreation.)

The COVID-19 pandemic has considerable mental health impacts. Immersive nature-based interventions, such as swimming or snorkeling, may help mitigate the global mental health crisis caused by the pandemic. To investigate this, we collected cross-sectional data from residents of coastal villages (n = 308) in Kepulauan Selayar, Indonesia. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used with mental well-being as the outcome variable, operationalized as the Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores from the SF-12 (12-item Short Form Health Survey). After adjusting for covariates, the activity of sea swimming or snorkeling was found to be significantly associated with better mental well-being (2 = 0.036;p < 0.01). Predictive margins analysis revealed that those who engaged in sea swimming or snorkeling for one to three days a week gained a 2.7 increase in their MCS scores, compared to those who did not. A non-linear dose-response relationship was detected: for those swimming or snorkeling more than three days per week, there was only an increase of 1.7 MCS score compared to the 0-day. Overall this study contributes to the expanding of evidence base, showing that interactions with blue spaces can be beneficial for mental health, especially in a potentially stressful time such as the current pandemic.

Understanding the complexity of rural tourism business: scholarly perspective

The aim of this paper is to identify and analyze the four core driving forces that shaped the complex picture of rural tourist businesses. These driving forces are marketability, participatory, crisis mitigation and sustainability. This study focused on the scholarly perspective to study and analyze the rural tourism businesses' literature and its link with these four driving forces. By using the bibliometric analysis technique and VosViewer as a visualization tool, the results revealed that less than 50% of rural tourism literature was concerned with local businesses. Regarding the four driving forces, sustainability was the most linked force with the rural tourism businesses' scientific production. Contrarily, a relatively small body of the rural tourism businesses' literature discussed marketability, participatory and crisis mitigation, despite their significant role in the development of these local rural businesses. In addition, the results of this study showed the interest of rural tourism articles in the crisis mitigation pillar, especially recently after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Role of leadership and local culture in COVID-19 control in Bali Province, Indonesia

The increase in positive cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia since 2020 has led to various control measures, including prevention. One of them is through cultural approach and local wisdom that differs from one region to another, such as the one applied in Bali Province. The purpose of the study was to explore Bali's experience in dealing with COVID-19 from the perspective of culture and local wisdom. A qualitative approach was used in this study using in-depth interviews with the Bali Provincial Disaster Control Office (Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah, BPBD) and the Bali Provincial Health Office. Results of this study showed that the Bali Province has a strong religious approach, consisting of hupokara, which is the faith in the Creator as disaster is believed to be a tremendous force that has to be managed through a ceremony called niskala, which giving offerings to God for health and safety of the people of Bali Province. The Balinese believe that the COVID-19 virus can be controlled with rituals and offerings. The presence of Pecalang as a traditional security unit looked up to and obeyed by the Balinese people also supports the successful management of COVID-19. The unique approach of Bali Province that is based on the local wisdom through mobilizing Traditional Villages, promoting custom-based cooperation through the formation of a task force at the Traditional Village level, and with good leadership from the Governor of Bali has led to successful COVID-19 control in Bali Province. Bali has learned from the COVID-19 pandemic that togetherness and mutual cooperation among people are needed to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the province.

Women Suffering from Multiple Sources of Oppression in Upper Egypt: A Case Study of Intersectional Targeting and Integrated Development Interventions as the Way Out

Scholars in the field of gender and development are strong advocates of the concept of "intersectionality," first coined by Crenshaw in 1989, as a way of thinking about how marginalized groups may be subjected to oppression from various sources. The main purpose of this research is to make a case for how intersectional targeting, together with integrated development interventions, can be useful in helping vulnerable individuals, specifically women, suffering from multiple sources of poverty and oppression. A case study, coupled with in-depth field interviews, was the method employed for assessing the application of an intersectional lens by a nonprofit development organization (ENID) that targets vulnerable poor, illiterate, and unemployed women living in marginalized rural communities in South Egypt and employs integrated development interventions to get them out of poverty. Working on upgrading basic services, promoting small and micro enterprises, fostering sustainable agricultural development, initiating a program for knowledge dissemination and policy advocacy were some of the features of the integrated development approach utilized by ENID. The research findings indicated that ENID activities may have had a positive impact on reducing poverty and empowering women in the rural villages of South Egypt. Many challenges were faced related to government bureaucracy, restrictive cultural norms, and the COVID-19 pandemic. However, on the positive side, poverty was reported to have declined by 14.5% in absolute terms from 2015-2018 in Qena governorate where ENID works. More investments are being directed to the region, and the women beneficiaries attest to lifechanging experiences, enhanced self-confidence, and empowerment.

Gastronomy tourism and the revival of Italian villages after the pandemic

The effects of COVID-19 on tourism include a rapid growth of some consumption behavior trends, such as an urge for escapism, a desire to (re)discover minor and rural destinations, and a wish to live memorable moments. Moreover, literature and industry reports highlight the importance of contemporary demand for authenticity and experientiality. This work analyzes visitors' perceptions once in the destination, focusing in particular on small villages' gastronomic tourist offer. An exploratory study was conducted on tourists visiting Italian small villages of historical origin, the borghi, and nearby wine producers to record their perceptions and sense any significant difference. In-depth interviews were combined with participating observation to test elements from the literature on consumption behavior and identify a set of parameters, which could be applied in further studies. The results show that the borghi offer is perceived as authentic and not replicable, that wine- and foodrelated activities, often more direct and totalizing, helped the visitors to connect with the destination;thus, gastronomic tourism can represent a valuable asset in the sustainable development of the minor communities. Nevertheless, destination competitiveness is the result of an interplay of multiple factors and on top of the experiences offered (prerequisite of the tourist activity) additional aspects have to be considered in order to properly enhance small villages' tourist offer.

Participatory evaluations reveal positive impacts for small-scale fishing communities in Indonesia and Honduras

Small-scale fishing communities are often particularly vulnerable to economic and environmental shocks, as exemplified by the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, extreme weather events as a result of climate change, and rising costs associated with the war in Ukraine. These positive impacts were experienced in vulnerable communities facing several external stressors, thus highlighting the benefits of strengthening community governance and supporting improved and diversified livelihoods to increase resilience to threats. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Oryx is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Bicycle tourism, from pandemic to sustainability: "Terre di Casole Bike Hub” project

The outbreak of COVID-19 and the subsequent lockdowns have impelled us to question and reconsider our standards, schedules and lifestyle. One of the market sectors that was most affected by the mobility reduction was tourism. Its demand in 2020 showed indeed a significant change: tourists opted for unusual destinations, presumably less crowded, favouring smaller villages and mountain areas. Moreover, tourists have chosen destinations that feature the possibility to do sports, especially trekking and cycling. Considering these trends, this paper focuses on the bicycle tourism in Italy and analyses its development potential. More specifically, it analyses the "Terre di Casole Bike Hub” project as an example of best practices to promote the territory through cycling, aiming to support the territory recovery in the post-pandemic tourism. © 2022 Societe Belge de Geographie. All rights reserved.

Development of GIS-Based Rumah Gadang Tools as a Tourism Data Integrator for Halal Tourist Villages in West Sumatra, Indonesia

Tourism is one of the economic pillars of countries, including Indonesia. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected the global tourism industry. Nevertheless, the government has taken measures during this pandemic to prepare tourist villages to drive Indonesian tourism. West Sumatra, a province in Indonesia designated as a halal tourist destination, is actively developing halal tourist villages such as the Koto Baru. In this village, there are many Minangkabau traditional cultural houses called Rumah Gadang (RG). However, these houses are yet to attract tourists due to a lack of information dissemination about the uniqueness of the RG. Therefore, GIS-Based RG Tools (GRT) has been developed in web and mobile GIS (Android platform). This research reports on the development of GRT, which is intended to answer the challenges of developing tourist villages using ICT, namely the use of ICT is still limited to data collection and promotional media only, and there is no integrated tourism village management system with tourist attractions. The GRT was developed using a research and development methodology. Additionally, its development included using the waterfall method whereby PostgreSQL/PostGIS, Bootstrap, PHP, B4A, and JavaScript software were used to design and code GRT. After being programmed, the GRT was tested for functionality, and it was concluded that the app is appropriate and meets the needs of tourists during their pre-trips or visitations to tourist sites. Further research should focus on developing tourism app modules following the uniqueness of halal tourism villages. © 2023, International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology. All Rights Reserved.

Development of the Polowijen cultural village through the digital icon of literary tourism, Ragil Kuning, as a survival strategy during a pandemic

The development of tourism based on oral literature is presented in the case of the Panji story mythology which can be found in the Polowijen Cultural Village. This mythology is visualized in the Malangan mask art. The story presented develops the characterization of Ragil Kuning in the Malangan mask art. Ragil Kuning is the younger brother of Panji Asmorobangun from the Panjalu Daha Kingdom. The Ragil Kuning icon began to be developed and shaped in the performing arts and festivals. However, the Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on tourism. Social mobility policies affected tourism as well as the people's economy. In this context, tourism is a vulnerable sector due to the pandemic. However, the tourism sector can also be strong or tough. This resilience is shown by the strategic efforts made by the Polowijen Cultural Village community to develop digital-based cultural tourism and strengthen the Ragil Kuning narrative series as a tourist attraction for Polowijen Cultural Village. This research uses digital ethnography and patchwork ethnography methods. These methods were chosen in an effort to conduct research in this pandemic era.

Does Pandemic Fatigue Prevent Farmers' Participation in the Rural Tourism Industry: A Comparative Study between Two Chinese Villages.

Rural tourism is an important income generation method for farmers post-pandemic. However, few studies have focused on how pandemic fatigue has affected their willingness to participate in rural tourism development. We conducted a quasi-experiment to test these effects using data from two Chinese villages. Shanlian village, which was more severely affected by COVID-19, was the experimental group, while Huashu village was set as the control group. Our results reveal that both physical and mental fatigue hinder farmers' intention to engage in rural tourism. Further, there were significant interaction effects between physical and mental fatigue on the farmers' participation in rural tourism. For farmers with low physical fatigue, the higher their mental fatigue, the less willing they were to participate in rural development. Conversely, for the higher physical fatigue group, farmers with low levels of mental fatigue were still more willing to participate in rural tourism development. These findings reduce the current research gap concerning the relationship between pandemic fatigue and farmers' participation in rural tourism and indicate that practitioners and policymakers should consider farmers' fatigue management as an important factor for the sustainability of rural tourism during the ongoing COVID-19 crisis.

Analysis Of Village Direct Cash Assistance Policy Implementation In East Bolaang District Bolaang Mongondow Regency

Since the end of 2019, all countries have been shocked by the spread of Covid-19. Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the ongoing global disease pandemic (COVID-19). The pandemic has spread to 34 provinces. Covid-19 has had an enormous impact on the economic sector, and the government has assisted, one of which is the Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT). The Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) policy is an alternative policy dealing with the impact of the spread of Covid-19. In various media, there is a lot of news about the implementation of the BLT program, which often deviates from the applicable provisions. Therefore, analyzing the implementation of the BLT program is very important. Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLTDD) is the government's response in minimizing the impact of Covid-19 on the people in the village. In the early stages of its implementation, problems were found in the form of community protests against village officials who were deemed unable to implement the Village Fund BLT policy properly. Even in some villages, it led to the destruction of the village office. On this basis, this research aims to analyze the problems that arise in implementing the Village Fund BLT policy to identify issues and challenges so that they become materials for improvement. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach. Since the end of 2019, all countries have been shocked by the spread of Covid-19. Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the ongoing global disease pandemic (COVID-19). The pandemic has spread to 34 provinces. Covid-19 has significantly impacted the economic sector, and the government has assisted, one of which is the Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT). The Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) policy is an alternative policy dealing with the impact of the spread of Covid-19. In various media, there is a lot of news about the implementation of the BLT program which often deviates from the applicable provisions. Therefore, analyzing the implementation of the BLT program is very important. Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLTDD) is the government's response in minimizing the impact of Covid-19 on the people in the village. In the early stages of its implementation, problems were found in the form of community protests against village officials who were deemed unable to implement the Village Fund BLT policy properly. Even in some villages, it led to the destruction of the village office. On this basis, this research aims to analyze the problems that arise in implementing the Village Fund BLT policy to identify issues and challenges so that they become materials for improvement. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach. [ FROM AUTHOR]